Strategies Equipment Replacement Technical Considerations Retire older equipment that has visible dark soot coming from the exhaust. Sometimes the color of the exhaust can depict several operational conditions that are of concern such as the need for filter replacement, oil changes, and engine upgrades. Frequent maintenance of newer trucks is very important to maintain clean operation in addition to extending sustainable use of vehicle. Options for Implementation Implementation strategies may include; lease requirements, tariffs, and incentives. Pros and Cons Positive emission reduction benefits for PM. Consider NOx reduction technologies such as SCRs or Lean NOx Catalyst (LNC). The costs of replacing engines and/or vehicles may be prohibitive.
Operational Improvements Technical Considerations Ensure technical feasibility. Cost of technology versus benefit achieved should be a consideration in assessing potential improvements Options for Implementation Implementation through voluntary programs, incentives, and/or lease renewals/renegotiations. Pros and Cons Some of these options involve capital investment; others could increase terminal operating costs. However, if designed and planned properly, can result in a significant return on investment due to enhanced operational efficiencies.
Clean Fuels Technical Considerations Work with ports and fuel suppliers on the availability and supply of clean fuels. Depending on the type of clean fuel used, cleaning of the fuel tank may be required in order to avoid fuel contamination. Options for Implementation Implementation strategies may include the use of lease requirements and tariff changes. Pros and Cons Positive emission reduction benefits for NOx, PM and GHGs. The use of biodiesel may present a slight increase in NOx. Challenges may arise with fuel availability depending on international location. Cleaner fuels tend to be more costly.
Emission Control Technologies Technical Considerations Operational and feasibility testing is required to ensure the function and applicability of an emissions control technology on the truck. In particular, many ECTs require exhaust gas temperature analysis by conducting exhaust gas temperature datalogging to measure exhaust gas temperatures. Many ECTs have exhaust temperature thresholds that are required for the operation and effectiveness of the technology. Considerations must include duty cycle, exhaust temperatures, and preventative maintenance schedules. Emission control technologies which have been certified or verified by regulatory agencies (such as those programs at the US Environmental Protection Agency and the California Air Resources Board) are most likely to deliver the claimed benefits. Options for Implementation Implement strategy through lease requirements, tariff charges, and incentives. Design a Technology Advancement Program that would demonstrate feasibility of ECTs on trucks. The Technology Advancement Program would consider use of newer technologies. Pros and Cons Positive PM, NOx, HC and CO emission reduction benefits. Challenges may occur while assessing appropriate technologies. Some technologies such as DPFs have strict exhaust temperature requirements. Retrofitting may include exhaust reconfiguration and cutting of the exhaust pipe. DPFs require annual cleaning depending on the technology and can be costly. SCRs require urea dosing units and may acquire an increase in fuel cost with urea + diesel. Emission control technologies and/or vehicles vary in cost and can be expensive.
Idle-Reduction Technologies Technical Considerations Test feasibility of idle-reduction technology. Options for Implementation Implement strategy through lease requirements, tariff charges, and incentives. Pros and Cons Eliminating idling time by using an idle-reduction technology greatly reduces emissions that would be generated from idling. International availability may create a challenge for some ports. |
Heavy Duty Vehicles Trucks
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